The Apparent Mobilities of Exchangeable Alkali Metal Cations in Bentonite‐Water Systems

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Abstract
A direct current conductivity method was devised for determining the mobilities of exchangeable cations on close‐packed clays in water. The method was applied to the determination, at several temperatures, of the apparent mobilities of K, Na, and Li ions on the respective, homoionic bentonites. The apparent mobilities were in the order Na > Li > K.An Arrhenius type equation was used to calculate the activation energies for movement of the adsorbed ions. The observed activation energies were larger than those for the same ions in solution and were in the order Na > Li > K. The reasons for these observations were discussed and it was concluded that, in each case, the activation energy was due largely to the energy required to form a hole, into which the ion could move, in the adsorbed water.

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