Tests of Preference and Switching Behavior of the Dragonfly Celithemis fasciata
- 1 April 1985
- Vol. 44 (2) , 350-355
- https://doi.org/10.2307/3544710
Abstract
Two mechanisms of stabilization of prey populations by dragonflies were investigated: the possibility of an accelerating functional response to prey density, and predator switching between prey types. Larvae of the dragonfly Celithemis fasciata were exposed to 8 densities of Daphnia magna for 6 h at 15°C. The number of Daphnia eaten increased at a decreasing rate to a density of about 200 prey/500 ml and then decreased slightly at higher densities. The attack rate and handling time were estimated from Rogers's random predator equation and compared to estimates obtained in a separate study of Celithemis feeding on Chironomus tentans. Celithemis were also presented various ratios of D. magna and C. tentans under conditions in which neither prey had a refuge and in which Chironomus was provided a leaf disk refuge. The number of each prey type remaining after 2 h was recorded, and the ratio of Daphnia to Chironomus in the diet calculated. When no prey refuge was available, Celithemis showed no preference for either prey type. When leaf disks were present, Daphnia was consumed in a ratio of approximately 3:1. Observed percentages of the prey in the diet were compared with predicted values. Except at the lowest % Daphnia offered, observed values did not deviate significantly from expectation. The total number of prey eaten was greatest when equal numbers of prey were present and decreased as the ratios diverged from one. /// Исследованы два механизма стабилизации популяций жертв стрекозами: возможностъ ускорения функционалъной реакции на плотностъ жертв и переключение хищника на разные типы жертв. Личинок стрекоз Celithemis fasciata подсаживали к Daphnia magna при 8 разных уровнях их популяционной плотности на 6 час при 15°C. Число съеденных дафний возрастало со снижающейся скоростъю до плотности около 200 жертв/500 мл, а затем несколъко снижалосъ при более высокой плотности. Скоростъ нападения и время обработки жертв определяли по уравнению рандомического хищничества роджера и сравнивали с резулътатами отделъных исследеований питания Celithemis на Chironomus tentanus. Стрекозам предлагали таюже разные соотношения Daphnia magna и Chironomus tentans в условиях, при которых ни одна жертва не имела убежищ, либо хирономусы имели укрытия в виде листовых досков. Отмечали число жертв каждого типа, оставшихся через 2 час., и рассчитывали соотношение дафний и хирономусов в пище стрекоз. Если оба типа жертв не миели укрытий, стрекозы не обнаруживаили предпочтения к какому-то определенному типу. Если имелисъ листовые диски, дафнии потреблялисъ в соотношении примерно 3:1. Наблюдаемые отношения жертв в пище сравнивали с предполагаемыми величинами. За исключением случаев, когда доля предлагаемых в пище дафний была наименъшей, полученные резулътаты не отклонялисъ значителъно от ожидаемых. Общее число съеденных жертв было наиболъшим, когда предлагалисъ равные количества жертв, и снижалосъ, когда это отношение отклонялосъ от І.This publication has 6 references indexed in Scilit:
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