Vapor Growth of CuInS2 Single Crystals and Its Thermodynamic Considerations

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Abstract
Single crystals of CuInS2 were grown by the closed tube chemical vapor transport method, using iodine as the transport agent. The charge zone was held at 800°C, while the optimal growth zone temperature was found to be in the range of 740–750°C. The shape and the size of the as-grown crystals were affected by the impurity adding and by the temperature difference between the two zones. The transport rate of the growth process has been examined on the basis of thermodynamics. The theoretical values are verified by the experimental results, except for some explicable deviations. The transport rate shows a maximum as a function of iodine concentration.

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