Radiative forcing due to stratospheric ozone changes 1979–1997, using updated trend estimates

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Abstract
Recent estimates of stratospheric ozone changes since 1979, both from satellites and ground‐based instruments, show a smaller rate of ozone loss than previous measurements indicated. This paper calculates the radiative forcing resulting from these ozone changes. The trends are derived from a combination of Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment (SAGE), Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS), and ground‐based data. By combining these data in a variety of ways, several problems of determining an accurate forcing from available data are highlighted. Using only statistically significant changes, a “best guess” radiative forcing of −0.10±0.02 W m−2 is estimated for the 1979–1997 period which is about 50% less negative than previous estimates of this forcing, but provides an offset of about 10% to the well‐mixed greenhouse gas forcing over the same period.