Studies in fetal behavior: IV. The measurement of three types of fetal activity.

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Abstract
Using a tambour polygraph apparatus on the abdomen of 30 [female][female] in the last 5 lunar months of pregnancy the hiccuping, kicking, and squirming movements of the fetuses were recorded. The results showed that total activity increased up to the last lunar mo.; when this was broken down into squirming and kicking movements. The kicking movements increased up to the 9th mo. and squirming movements decreased. Hiccuping is almost constant from the 5th mo. on. Reliabilities of each kind of measurement were detd. by repeating the observations sometime during each mo.; the 1st and 2d observations in the mo. were correlated and corrected by use of the Spearman-Brown formula. The corrected reliabilities varied between 0.69 and 0.97; only 2 were below 0.9.

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