Haemodynamic changes and left ventricular performance during high‐dose oestrogen administration to male transsexuals

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Abstract
Summary. Serial haemodynamic and systolic time interval measurements in 17 male transsexuals during high‐dose oestrogen administration were compared with control values obtained after oestrogen withdrawal. During oestrogen treatment, cardiac output, stroke volume, plasma volume and total blood volume increased while total peripheral resistance, diastolic blood pressure and red cell mass decreased significantly. Changes in heart rate and systolic blood pressure were not significant. Despite a much higher dose of oestrogen, the haemodynamic changes observed in this study are similar in magnitude to those occurring in women taking oral contraceptives. Significant changes in systolic time intervals during oestrogen treatment were a shortened pre‐ejection period (PEP) index, a prolonged left ventricular ejection time (LVET) index and a decreased PEP/LVET ratio indicating that left ventricular performance was augmented.