Protogyny in the Cruciferae

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Abstract
Protogyny, generally assumed to be rare or nonexistent in the Cruciferae, was reported in at least 61 spp. belonging to 32 genera in 9 tribes. In Iraq, 472 natural populations representing 91 spp. (nearly half the cruciferous flora) were examined, and 80 populations representing 24 spp. in 19 genera were found to exhibit protogyny. Protogyny is reported for the 1st time in 24 spp. and in the genera Diplotaxis, Savignya, Erucaria, Hirschfeldia, Neslia, Aubrieta, Sterigmostemum and Sisymbrium.