Nasal absorption of 17α-ethinyloestradiol in the rat

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Abstract
The bioavailability of 17α-ethinyloestradiol was determined after intravenous, nasal, and intraduodenal, administration in the rat. The results showed that the bioavailability of nasally-administered and intraduodenally-administered drug was 80–85, and 15–25%, respectively, of that following intravenous administration. The study demonstrates that the nasal route for the administration of 17α-ethinyloestradiol is superior to the oral route in this species, and may thus provide an alternative for the administration of this drug at lower doses.