Age differences in metamemory: Resolving the inconsistencies.

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Abstract
Research examining adult age differences in individuals'' self-reports about their memory has found somewhat inconsistent results. This paper reports findings from a cross-validation study of two questionnaires designed to measure knowledge, affects, and beliefs about memory in two large samples. The results suggest that there are significant age and sex differences in such perceptions. Compared with younger adults, older adults consistently report less memory capacity, more decline in memory functioning, and believe they have less control over their memory ability. Women report more strategy use and greater anxiety associated with memory than men. The results are discussed within the context of other methodological and substantive issues related to metamemory research.

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