Gelation in the Copolymerization of Diallyldimethylammonium Chloride with Acrylamide

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Abstract
Diallyldimethylammonium chloride (DADMAC) was free-radical copolymerized with acrylamide (AA) in water at a total monomer concentration of 4 mol/L and 40°C with different monomer feed compositions. Gelation occurred only for 20/80 DADMAC/AA monomer feed although crosslinking was observed for all monomer feed compositions. The gel point was at 51% conversion, and the swelling ratios of the resulting gels were quite high, from 1400 to 700. Addition of 2‐propanol as a chain‐transfer reagent reduced crosslinking and prevented gelation. These results are mechanistically discussed in connection with the cyclopolymerizability of DADMAC, and significant allylic hydrogen abstraction by the growing polymer radical characteristic of allyl polymerization is proposed.
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