Impaired measles virus-specific cytotoxic T cell responses in multiple sclerosis.

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Abstract
To assess whether an virus-specific immune defect may be associated with multiple sclerosis (MS), we have examined the ability to generate measles virus-and influenza virus-specific cytotoxic T cells (CTL) in patients with MS, normal individuals, and other disease controls (ODC). The mean (.+-. SEM) measles virus-specific CTL response for normal individuals and ODC was 26.9 .+-. 2.9% (N=17) and 26.7 .+-. 2.8% (N=13) specific lysis, respectively. In contrast, the capacity of MS patients to generate measles virus-specific CTL was markedly diminished. Peripheral blood lymphocytes from MS patients stimulated with measles virus lysed their measles virus-infected autologous B cell line at a group mean level of 6.0 .+-. 1.4% (N=16) specific lysis. MS patients had significantly lower measles virus-specific CTL responses than normal individuals (p < 0.00001) or ODC (p < 0.0001). Importantly, this lowered response did not reflect a generalized depressed cytolytic activity of MS patients, since influenza virus-specific CTL and NK activity from these patients were comparable to normals and ODC. Thus, in MS there is a significant depression of measles virus-specific CTL which suggests that this virus-specific immune dysfunction may play a role in the pathogenesis of this disorder.