Retroviral Delivery of Noggin Inhibits the Formation of Heterotopic Ossification Induced by BMP-4, Demineralized Bone Matrix, and Trauma in an Animal Model

Abstract
Background:The heterotopic ossification of muscles, tendons, and ligaments is a common problem faced by orthopaedic surgeons. We investigated the ability of Noggin (a BMP [bone morphogenetic protein] antagonist) to inhibit heterotopic ossification.Methods:Part 1: A retroviral vector carrying the gen