OBSERVATION OF STRONGLY POLARIZED LIQUID AND SOLID3He USING THE CASTAING-NOZIERES EFFECT AND POMERANCHUK COOLING

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Abstract
Because of the Fermi character of liquid He, to pol'arize this system to values close to one by brute-force we should apply a field H % KBTF / 1.1 % 200 T far too high to be produced in the l aboratory f or a sufficiently long time. Castaing and Nozieres suggested a very e legant method of overcoming this problem which consists in polarizing solid 3~e ( which has a magnetic susceptibility of the Curie-Weiss type) and quickly melt it in a time short compared to TI, the time for the magnetization to relax. The magnetization was observed to stay in the liquid phase with a relaxation time of a few minutes. Using Pomeranchuk cooling, solid polarizations as high as 78% were recent1 y obtained. Because of anti ferromagnetic interactions, larger sol id polariz- ations will need higher magnetic fields. Most of the solid magnetizations can be transferred to the liquid.

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