Accuracy of heart-rate monitoring and activity diaries for estimating energy expenditure

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Abstract
The accuracy of heart-rate monitoring and activity diaries for measuring energy expenditure in free-living individuals was studied in 12 women. Estimates of energy expenditure were calculated from heart-rate monitoring by use of four different prediction equations to describe the relationship between heart rate and energy expenditure. Estimates of energy expenditure from activity diaries were calculated using both individually measured and published values for the energy cost of activities. Energy intake adjusted for changes in body-energy stores was used as a reference. Heart-rate monitoring overestimated group energy expenditure from 2 to 9% and the errors in estimating individual energy expenditure ranged from -53 to 67%. Activity diaries underestimated group energy expenditure by 2–6% and the errors in estimating individual energy expenditure ranged from -39 to 56%. Heart-rate monitoring and activity diaries may prove useful for estimating the energy expenditure of groups but not individuals.