The relationship between the cardiac contractile function, adenine nucleotides and amino acids of cardiac tissue and mitochondria at acute respiratory hypoxia

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Abstract
The effect of asphyxia and subsequent resumption of respiration on the content of adenine nucleotides and some amino acids in heart tissue and mitochondria, as well as respiration of heart mitochondria was studied in rats. The depression of cardiac contractile function during asphyxia showed a better correlation with losses in mitochondrial adenine nucleotides (ATP+ADP+AMP) than those in cardiac tissue. The decrease in the heart work index was accompanied by a decrease in state 3 respiration with glutamate and malate as well as uncoupled respiration with these substrates. This did not occur with succinate. Nonphosphorylating (state 4) respiratory rates and ADP/O ratios were slightly affected by asphyxia, when respiratory substrates of both types were used. The decreased level of glutamic acid in the tissue and mitochondria of asphyxic hearts was simultaneously observed with a significant increase of alanine in cardiac tissue and of aspartic acid in the mitochondria. The losses of intramitochondrial ATP and respiratory activity with NAD-dependent substrates during asphyxia were associated with a reduction of glutamic acid level in mitochondria. The recovery of cardiac function during resumption of respiration was related to the restoration of mitochondrial respiration supported by glutamate and malate, as well as to the restoration of mitochondrial adenine nucleotides and glutamic acid. The results suggest that the depression of cardiac function caused by acute respiratory hypoxia may be attributed to impairment of electron transport, particularly in complex I of the respiratory chain and changes in metabolism of glutamic acid.

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