Microbial populations associated with the surface of the brown algaAscophyllum nodosum

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Abstract
The microorganisms on the surface of the brown algaAscophyllum nodosum, collected from an intertidal area in Nahant, Massachusetts, were examined using scanning electron microscopy. Differences in the microbial populations on the holdfast, internodal regions of the stipe, and the apical tips were apparent. The populations ranged from a lawn of end-attached bacteria above the holdfast to microcolonies of yeast cells near the apical tips. The greatest diversity of microorganisms was noted in the internodal region representing the fourth year of growth where a dense lawn of end-attached bacteria was overlaid by filamentous bacteria, pennate diatoms, and filamentous blue-green algae. A simple procedure was developed to estimate the number of bacteria on the surface of the seaweed using the scanning electron microscope. The observed distribution of epiphytes may be explained in terms of the age of the algal surface, differences in light intensity, and the differential secretion of tannin by various parts ofAscophyllum.