In vivo measure of average bacterial cell size from a polarized light scattering function

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Abstract
A particular combination of elements of the Mueller matrix for scattering of polarized light given by (S34 + S14)/(S11 + S13)  (S34/S11)‡ is measured vs angle at a wavelength of 633 nm for randomly oriented suspensions of several species of bacteria in different stages of growth. (This combination of elements is dominated in the present measurements by the behavior of the normalized S34 matrix element, as is indicated by the notation defined on the right side of the equation.) The resulting graph in each case shows an oscillating function of angle. This function is compressed toward smaller angles when the bacteria are in the exponential phase of growth in comparison with results for a suspension of the same bacteria in the stationary (starving‐smaller cells) phase of growth. Microscopic measurements were made to determine, for each case, the average dimensions of the bacterial population. Graphs were then plotted of the peak positions from the Mueller matrix function plots vs either cell length or cell diameter. The function was shown to be strongly correlated with cell diameter under the conditions of this experiment and poorly correlated with cell length. The measurements were shown to have a sensitivity to changes in average diameter of about 20 nm.