SCHIZOPHRENIA, BRAIN ASYMMETRY DEVELOPMENT, AND TWINNING - CELLULAR RELATIONSHIP WITH ETIOLOGICAL AND POSSIBLY PROGNOSTIC IMPLICATIONS

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  • 1 January 1977
    • journal article
    • research article
    • Vol. 12  (1) , 19-35
Abstract
Discordance for schizophrenia in monozygotic [MZ] twins was interpreted as evidence of the role of environment in the etiology of schizophrenia, with environment usually, in practical parlance, carrying Freudian and Skinnerian connatoations. MZ twins are often discordant for certain brain development deviations to which they are specially prone, which show other evidence of having genetic etiologies, and which involve embryonic symmetry development. MZ twining is an embryonic symmetry anomaly; its association with others is not surprising. Neurophysiological manifestations of schizophrenia are markedly asymmetric, as is much of normal human mental function. Unusual brain function asymmetry is a factor in virtually every appropriately tested case of MZ discordant schizophrenia.

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