Abstract
The term maduromycosis was created in 1916 by Chalmers and Archibald1for those forms of mycetomas which possess grains composed of large segmented hyphae with well defined walls and usually chlamydospores. The subject of mycetoma, or Madura foot, has been in a confused condition in the past because there was not a clear conception of the exact meaning of this term and of the great number of organisms found associated with this disease. Brumpt, Pinoy, Langeron and Chalmers with his collaborators, as well as others, have advanced the knowledge of this rare and interesting condition, and their researches on the etiologic agents have demonstrated the surprising fact that this clinical entity of rather uniform character may have a great variety of causes. The classification now used will probably be better understood if a short review of the evolution of the knowledge of this disease is given. HISTORICAL NOTES Castellani

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