Limits on Parity and Time-Reversal Noninvariance inp−pScattering

A formalism for $p-p$ elastic scattering is developed that includes the possibility of parity nonconservation and time-reversal noninvariance. Relevant experimentally measurable quantities are defined. An experiment measuring three of the quantities is described. These and other measurements relevant to parity nonconservation or time-reversal noninvariance are analyzed in terms of the formalism developed. No evidence is found for any violation of either invariance principle. The parity-conserving, time-reversal-noninvariant coupling of ${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}P_2^{}{}_{}{}^{}$ and ${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}F_2^{}{}_{}{}^{}$ states is at most 7% of its maximum possible value, in the energy range 140-210 MeV. The parity-nonconserving, time-reversal-invariant coupling of ${}_{}{}^1{}_{}{}^{}S_0^{}{}_{}{}^{}$ and ${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}P_0^{}{}_{}{}^{}$ states is at most 70% of its maximum possible value at 140 MeV. The parity-nonconserving, time-reversal-noninvariant coupling of ${}_{}{}^1{}_{}{}^{}S_0^{}{}_{}{}^{}$ and ${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}P_0^{}{}_{}{}^{}$ states is not bounded away from its maximum possible positive value, and is at most 60% of its extreme negative value at 140 MeV. The evidence against parity nonconservation is thus seen to be surprisingly weak. An experiment to sharpen the limits on parity nonconservation is suggested.