Visualization: Is it more than extra‐attention?

Abstract
This study examined how Visualization (VIS) compared with placebo procedures in reducing communication apprehension (CA) in a public speaking class. Students given brief introductions to VIS and placebos reported lower CA scores than students in control classes. Further, those introduced to VIS reported lower CA scores than students given placebo treatments. It appears that VIS is an active treatment procedure that functions to reduce CA above and beyond the reduction in CA that can be attributed to the “extra‐attention”; involved in treatment processes.