Observations on Chaetomorpha brachygona Harv. (Chlorophyta, Cladophorales)

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Abstract
The ultrastructure of the vegetative cells of Chaetomorpha brachygona Harv. is described. The cell wall is a lamellated structure which consists of alternating microfibrillar and amorphous layers. These layers are loosely packed in the inner portion, but are tightly packed in the outer portion of the wall. The lamellated layers of the cross wall are continuous only with those of the inner portion of the side wall and the transitional zone between the side wall and the cross wall is a gradual one. A thin layer of cytoplasm and a peripheral vacuolar layer are located underneath the plasmalemma. The major portion of the cytoplasm is located between the peripheral and the central vacuoles. Concentric, membranous structures are observed inside the vacuoles. The reticulate chloroplast contains lamellae which are mainly composed of bands of two appressed thylakoids. Each pyrenoid is surrounded by starch plates and is traversed by a single membrane-limited thylakoid. Amyloplasts become prominent in old cells in which the chloroplast has degenerated. The ER is composed of extremely elongated cisternae which are located near the nucleus, forming a semi-perinuclear structure. There is a close association between mitochondria and the chloroplast. Ultrastructurally the vegetative cells of C. brachygolla Harv. are similar to those of Cladophora species.

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