Surface Modification of Fluorinated Polymers by Microwave Plasmas

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Abstract
We developed a new plasma treating method, incorporating the use of microwaves generated by an electronic cooking range. Using this method, polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE) and a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropylene (FEP) were treated. Dialkylphthalates (DAP) were used as the standard liquids of contact angle measurements for evaluation of the wetting properties of plasma treated polymers. The components of surface tension (γL) due to the dispersion force (γd L) and the polar force (γP L) of DAP were calculated by Fowkes' equation from the contact angles (θ) on polypropylene. After plasma treatment cos θ of several standard liquids on PTFE and FEP increased. The linear relationship between γL(1 + cos θ)/(γd L)½ and (γP L/γP L)½ was verified. γs and γd s and γd s of the plasma treated PTFE and FEP also increased. From the results of ESCA analysis, it was found that a significant amount of oxygen was introduced to the polymer surface by the plasma treatment. Peel strengths of a pressure sensitive adhesive bonded to PTFE and FEP increased approximately two-to threefold if the plasma treatment was used prior to bonding.