Bafilomycins: a class of inhibitors of membrane ATPases from microorganisms, animal cells, and plant cells.

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Abstract
Various membrane ATPases have been tested for their sensitivity to bafilomycin A1, a macrolide antibiotic. F1F0 ATPases from bacteria and mitochondria are not affected by this antibiotic. In contrast, E1E2 ATPases.sbd.e.g., the K+-dependent (Kdp) ATPase from Escherichia coli, the Na+, K+-ATPase from ox brain, and the Ca2+-ATPase from sarcoplasmic reticulum.sbd.are moderately sensitive to this inhibitor. Finally, membrane ATPases from Neurospora vacuoles, chromaffin granules, and plant vacuoles are extremely sensitive. From this we conclude that bafilomycin A1 is a valuable tool for distinguishing among the three different types of ATPases and represents the first relatively specific potent inhibitor of vacuolar ATPases.