Protective effects of pretreatment with superoxide dismutase, catalase and oxypurinol on tubular damage caused by transient ischaemia

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Abstract
The effect of 60 min of ischaemia on glomerular and tubular functions (osmolar clearance, fractional Na+ excretion, K+ clearance, concentrating ability) after different periods of time was studied in New Zealand White rabbits. Pronounced changes in both glomerular and tubular functions were observed immediately on reperfusion and after 48 h. One week after ischaemia the functions appeared to be normalized. Mannitol is routinely used in clinical kidney transplantation due to its hyperosmolar effects and its ability to scavenge the hydroxyl radical. In the present study the possible additive protective effect against ischaemia-reperfusion damage of a combined pretreatment with mannitol and oxygen free radical scavengers or mannitol and a xanthine oxidase inhibitor was examined. Oxypurinol was chosen as the xanthine oxidase inhibitor due to its direct inhibitory effect. Concerning glomerular function, no protective effect of the combined pretreatment compared with mannitol alone was observed. However, concerning the tubular function tests combined pretreatment with either mannitol-superoxide dismutase-catalase or mannitol-oxypurinol turned out to be superior compared with that of mannitol alone.