Archaeological classification and ethnic groups: A case study from Sudanese Nubia

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Abstract
This is an attempt to discuss the central problem in archaeology, to understand the relationship between the artifacts and the cultural processes which produced them. Classification is our main methodology for the interpretation of this relationship: The problem is, however, to find the significant criteria. The focus of this paper is to show how archaeologists on the basis of classification of artifacts have tried to reconstruct culture history in terms of migration, diffusion or invention. The main example is from Sudanese Nubia. A criticism of the criteria here selected as significant for the identification of people and their movement, is based on a general theoretical discussion of ethnic groups.

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