Effect of pulse duration and strain rate on incipient spall fracture in copper

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Abstract
Data are presented on real time (VISAR) measurements of the spall fracture of copper for various pulse durations and tensile strain rates at the spall plane. The impactors consist of Teflon, Y-cut quartz, and a tungsten heavy alloy. VISAR data are compared with finite-difference calculations employing a rate-dependent void-growth model. The data and comparisons show little dependence of the onset of void growth on either pulse duration or tensile strain rate. Also, it is shown that hydrodynamics (wave propagation properties) involving the transmission of the spall signal from the spall plane to the free surface (plane of the VISAR measurement) can mask slight differences in the void-growth or fracture response. In addition, new results are presented for the elastic description of planar wave propagation in Y-cut quartz; expressions are given for the six independent stress components to second order in infinitesimal Lagrangian strains. A discussion with regard to additional use of Y-cut quartz in impact experiments is presented.