Difference Frequency of Kilohertz QPOs Not Equal to Half the Burst Oscillation Frequency in 4U 1636−53

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Abstract
We have analyzed data obtained during two observations with the Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer on 1997 January 5 and 8 of the low-mass X-ray binary (LMXB) and atoll source 4U 1636-53. We measure the frequency separation of the two simultaneous kilohertz quasi-periodic oscillations (kHz QPOs) in this source to be 253.7±4.7 and 246.4±5.4 Hz, respectively. These values are inconsistent with being equal to 0.5 times the frequency of the 581 Hz oscillations that have been detected previously in 4U 1636-53 during type I bursts. The weighted average discrepancy is 39.5±3.5 Hz. This result shows that a simple beat-frequency interpretation of the kHz QPOs, in which the frequency of the oscillations detected during type I bursts equals the separation between the two kHz QPOs (or twice that value), is incorrect.
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