Punishing and reinforcing effects of noise onset and termination for differentresponses.

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Abstract
Onset or termination of an intense white noise was made contingent upon the occurrence of certain responses in the rat''s repertory in order to determine the extent to which the probabilities of these responses can be reduced by noise onset (punishment training) and increased by noise termination (escape training). Comparison with the appropriate controls indicated that rearing was affected by escape training but not punishment, certain exploratory responses were affected by both kinds of training, and that grooming was affected by neither. The results are interpreted in terms of response competition.

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