Rehabilitation of the Dysfunctional Bladder in Children: Method and 3-Year Followup

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Abstract
A rehabilitation program has been developed for children with functional, nonneurogenic bladder disturbance. The basis for the program is a bladder regimen supplemented by biofeedback training if needed. Results in the first 70 children (64 girls and 6 boys) are presented. After 1 and 3 years 36 and 53 children, respectively, had completely normalized voiding patterns, that is they were continent, had no urgency, voided 3 to 6 times a day and emptied the bladder completely in 1 portion with a normal flow rate. The training program is applicable in children with varying urodynamic diagnoses and it has been used in children as young as 4 years old.