Grafting of Acrylic Acid and Triailylamine onto Polyacrylamide and Poly-p-isopropylstyrene

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Abstract
Crosslinked polymer beads containing regions of acid and basic groups are the preferred structures for the efficient operation of a thermally regenerable ion-exchange process. The studies reported in this paper were designed to examine the question of grafting between the acidic and basic regions in the resins. Two approaches were used. First, trapped macroradicals from acrylamide were prepared and then either acrylic acid or triailylamine added. The conditions were first optimized for the generation of trapped polyacrylamide macroradicals. Their presence was shown by the grafting of acrylic acid prior to attempted grafting of triailylamine hydrochloride to these macroradicals. The best solvent for the generation of trapped polyacrylamide macroradicals was dioxane. The temperature at which the macroradicals were generated was not very important but grafting to the macroradicals occurred only at elevated temperatures. With acrylic acid up to 25% graft was achieved but the best graft of triailylamine hydrochloride was less than 1%. Secondly, the grafting of triailylamine hydrochloride to an autoxidized polyisopropylstyrene sample containing hydroperoxide groups was attempted. However, no grafting of triallylamine hydrochloride occurred even though the hydroperoxide groups, in the presence of cobalt naphthenate, initiated rapid and quantitative grafting of acrylic acid.

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