Benzyladenine effects on cell separation and wall metabolism

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Abstract
Cytokinins cause a failure of cell separation from primary explants cultured in agitated liquid media, as well as a variety of other phenotypic effects which are associated with alterations in wall metabolism. Using several different dicotyledonous species, a quantitative investigation was made of cell-to-cell binding in relation to changes in several relevant wall enzymes. Alterations in carbohydrate-degrading enzymes may not be responsible for the failure of cell separation since benzyladenine enhances rather than inhibits wall cellulase, and possibly also pectinase, activity. Wall acid phosphatase, an enzyme circumstantially associated with degraded wall regions of cultured cells, is also strongly promoted by benzyladenine. However, benzyladenine reduces the activity of calcium-chloride-extractable wall peroxidase 25 to 50% within 24 h after treatment. The reduction in salt-extractable peroxidase activity occurs whether or not there is concomitant auxin-induced growth, and may be associated with the synthesis of lignin.

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