Performance of ultrawideband antennas

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Abstract
The requirements for antennas for ultrawideband radar are extremely stringent. The design process for such an antenna must be carried out in close conjunction with the systems design, and take into account the available pulse shape from the transmitter, the pulse shape required on the target and the signal processing available. The antenna transfer functions on transmit and receive must not distort the pulse to an unacceptable level. This requirement and the wide bandwidth limit the choice of antenna particularly for enhanced gain and may require separate antennas for receive and transmit. Computations of the pulse shape at various positions in the near and far field of the antenna show that the angular zone of 'good' performance is limited in a manner analogous to that of a narrowband antenna. The methods of achieving enhanced gain are limited to the use of reflectors and arrays. The choice of subsidiary elements of these antennas is crucial to good performance and computations have shown that the achievable gain is limited.

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