Acremonium boreale n.sp., a sclerotial, low-temperature-tolerant, snow mold antagonist

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Abstract
A previously undescribed, sclerotial, low temperature-tolerant fungus with orange sclerotia, is common on a wide range of plant species and substrates in Western Canada. It is often associated with snow mold complexes. It is found in eastern Canada and Norway, indicating a circumpolar distribution. It is described as A. boreale sp. nov. Some isolates were antagonistic towards common snow molds, e.g., Fusarium nivale, Sclerotinia borealis, Typhula ishikariensis var. ishikariensis, T. ishikariensis var. canadensis and the nonsclerotial low temperature basidiomycete in culture at low temperatures. Although it was weakly parasitic towards grass species, its main ecological importance seems as an invasive primary saprophyte on a wide range of substrates. It may play a significant role in determining the nature and intensity of damage in snow mold complexes.

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