Abstract
Studies of the penicillin activity of group A hemolytic streptococci isolated from scarlet fever patients before, during, and after penicillin therapy indicate that with the usual "short" courses of treatment, drug-resistant strains of this organism do not appear, hence the likelihood of resistant strains arising during penicillin treatment is very remote. No penicillin-resistant strains of Streptococcus pyogenes (group A) were recovered in any instance before antibiotic treatment was started.

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