One-Directional Grain-Oriented Lead Metaniobate Ceramics

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Abstract
One-directional grain-oriented lead metaniobate ceramics were obtained by a combination of molten salt synthesis and two-stage hot-pressing. The powder characterization and the microstructural, dielectric and piezoelectric properties of the ceramics were measured and are discussed here. Long needle-shaped powders of lead metaniobate were prepared by molten salt synthesis at 1050°C for 5h using a KCl flux, and the crystal structure was orthorhombic. Anisotropies of about 4 times in the permittivities and the coupling factors were found between the directions parallel and perpendicular to the hot-pressing direction in the uniaxially grain-oriented ceramics.