Cidofovir

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Abstract
▲ A Cidofovir is a nucleotide analogue which inhibits viral DNA polymerase and is effective against human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. ▲ It is phosphorylated to its active form by cellular enzymes. ▲ With the long intracellular half-life of its metabolites, cidofovir can be administered weekly during induction and every other week during maintenance therapy. ▲ Viral resistance has not been documented in patients treated with cidofovir to date, but has developed in vitro. ▲ Immediate cidofovir therapy delayed progression of CMV retinitis compared with deferred treatment in patients with AIDS. ▲ Cidofovir also delayed the progression of CMV retinitis relapsing after previous treatment. ▲ To avoid nephrotoxicity, probenecid and intravenous saline hydration must be administered with each dose of cidofovir.