Germanium Photodiodes - Temperature And Uniformity Effects

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Abstract
Longwave fiber optic systems require accurate power measurements in the spectral region from 1.0 to 1.6 microns. We have studied the characteristics of germanium photodiodes with the hope that these devices might achieve the accuracy, stability, and dynamic range in the longwave region that silicon photodiodes have achieved in the shortwave region.1'2 A natural concern is the effect of temperature on the performance of germanium photodiodes, since any long wavelength quantum photodetector, such as germanium, must necessarily have a small bandgap and thus a considerable and temperature variable number of thermally generated electron-hole pairs. Additionally, uniformity of response over the detector surface plays an important role in the accuracy of transfer calibrations.

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