Laser ablation of discs of agar gel

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Abstract
Discs of agar gel mixed with ink were used to study ablation effects with an argon laser as a light source. Varying amounts of ink were added resulting in a variation of the attenuation coefficient between 0.45 and 6.3 mm-1. For laser beam irradiation horizontally incident on a vertical sample, the average velocity of ablation was found to be approximately constant for thicknesses up to 1.7 mm. When the laser beam was directed vertically on a sample held horizontally, the vaporised debris present in the beam attenuated the incident laser energy to such a degree that the average ablation velocity decreased by a factor of approximately five. Horizontal beam experiments for various attenuation coefficients showed that an attenuation coefficient of about 1.7 mm-1 is optimal for fast penetration of discs thicker than 4 mm. Thus, based upon the optical properties of a given tissue, there may exist an optimum laser wavelength to maximise ablation velocity.