Multielement Trace Analysis by HPLC followed by On-line Minicolumn Enrichment as Hexamethylenedithiocarbamate Chelates

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Abstract
Multielement high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis for ng/mL (ppb) levels of heavy metals has been studied by the use of a trace enrichment technique with hexamethyleneammonium (HMA)-hexamethylenedithiocarbamate (HMDC) as a chelating agent. To 2 mL of sample solution, 400 μL of 1 M ammonium citrate (pH 9.0), and 100 μL of 0.01 M HMA-HMDC are added. After standing for 10–20 min, a 2-mL aliquot of the resultant solution is injected into an enrichment column packed with Capcell C18 via a stream of eluent B. The eluent stream is then changed to eluent A and the retained HMDC metal chelates are directed to a Capcell C18 analytical column. The separated HMDC chelates are detected at 260 nm. Calibration curves for Cd, Ni, Pb, Cu, Hg, Co, and Bi are linear from low or sub-ppb levels to high ppb levels with correlation coefficients of more than 0.9995. Reproducibility with 10 ppb standard solutions is 1.5%. This method has been applied to a multielement analysis of tap water.

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