Analysis of the KeypfcrtPoint Mutation and In Vitro and In Vivo Response to Chloroquine in Yaoundé, Cameroon

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Abstract
The putative key codon (Lys-76 in sensitive parasites and Thr-76 in resistant parasites) of the novel candidate gene for chloroquine resistance, Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter (pfcrt) was determined by polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism from 111 Cameroonian isolates and was compared with in vivo and in vitro responses to chloroquine. The key codon was significantly associated (P<.001) with responses in vivo (92% sensitivity and 76% specificity) and in vitro (97% sensitivity and 81% specificity). Some discordant results were due to multiclonal infections. The high, but not perfect, correlation between the pfcrt polymorphism and the phenotype implies that a single point mutation in codon 76 of the pfcrt gene is the major, but possibly not the sole, determinant for chloroquine resistance

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