Host Resistance to Bacteria in Hemorrhagic Shock V. Mobilization of Phagocytes.

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Abstract
Beef infusion broth injected intraperitoneally into normal rabbits results in the recovery of about 100 million cells from the peritoneal cavity 6 hours later. Of these 93% are polymorphonuclear leukocytes and 7% are macrophages. By contrast the rabbit so treated immediately after transfusion for 2 hours of severe hemorrhagic shock fails completely to respond to this stimulus, since the number of cells that can be recovered is no greater than can be recovered from the unchallenged peritoneal cavity. Moreover, intestinal bacteria are found in the peritoneal fluid of the shocked rabbit, whereas none are found in the peritoneal fluid of the normal rabbit. The failure of the shocked rabbit to respond is not due to a hemodynamic obstacle, since the challenge is made after recovery of a normal hemodynamic status. The cause of failure is considered to be an injury to cellular function by the shock process, involving not only the antibacterial mechanisms, but also the capacity to mobilize granulocytes from the circulation or to produce macrophages at the site of challenge.