Within-Field Distribution of Greenbug (Homoptera: Aphididae) and Its Parasitoids in Texas Winter Wheat1

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Abstract
Field sampling of wheat aphids and their parasitoids showed that the green bug, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani), was the most abundant aphid species present, followed by the oat-bird cherry aphid, Rhopalosiphum Padi (L.). The primary parasitoids reared from greenbug, in order of abundance, were Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson), Diaeretiella rapae (M’Intosh), and Aphelinus nigritus (Howard). The hyperparasitoids obtained, in order of abundance, were Alloxysta sp. (megourae complex), Asaphes lucens (Provancher), and Pachyneuron siphonophorae (Ashmead). Samples taken in three separate wheat fields indicated that S. graminum and R. padi were distinctly aggregated. Collectively, the green bug parasitoids were distinctly aggregated and had a significant effect on the density of S. graminum within two of the three fields. Parasitoid distribution in the third field was near random, and no significant relationship was observed between numerical fluctuations of the greenbug and its parasitoids.

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