Tricritical point behaviour in the mixed system Pb(1−x)CaxTiO3

Abstract
Experimental data on the mixed system Pb(1−x)CaxTiO3 for 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.40 (molar concentration) indicate a trend from a clearly first order transition at x = 0 to a second order (tricritical point) transition at x ≃ 0.40, characterized by a decrease with x of the thermal hysteresis. ΔT = T* −T c, where T* is the transition temperature and T c the extrapolated Curie temperature. An analysis of these data in terms of the generalized effective field approximation (E eff = E + βP + γP 3 + δP 5 …) for the mixed system leads to a quantitatively satisfactory prediction of the tricritical point concentration, x c ≃ 0.40, from data pertaining to the pure system (PbTiO3) alone.

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