Pharmacological sequential trials for the fractionation of components with hypoglycemic activity in alloxan diabetic mice from ginseng radix.

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Abstract
Three methods of fractionation of ginseng radix (P. ginseng) components for a survey of hypoglycemic principle in alloxan diabetic mice were conducted and 3 groups of components tested; fat-soluble components, ginseng saponins and a 3rd component with hypoglycemic activity. Pharmacological sequential trials of the fractionation yielded a most active fraction which was .apprx. 100-fold more effective than the original water-soluble extract of the ginseng radix. The ED50 value was 0.4 mg/kg in lowering the blood level of glucose in alloxan diabetic mice. Some ginseng fractions inhibited epinephrine-induced transient hyperglycemia in mice, increased glycogen content in rat liver, decreased the blood level of acetone bodies in alloxan diabetic mice and inhibited the release of free fatty acid from rat epididymal fat pad. Hypoglycemic components existed in a new component of ginseng radix which is different from saponin.

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