A biomechanical study of the triple jump

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Abstract
To investigate the triple jump from the viewpoint of the velocity of the center of gravity and the mechanical energy, eight 16-mm cameras were used to film the whole motion of 15 triple-jumpers from the end of the run-up to the landing of the jump. The horizontal velocity decreased during the 1st half of each take-off and increased during the 2nd half. The absolute value of the velocity decreased from hop-to-step and from step-to-jump (reductions were 8.5 and 15.1%, respectively). The vertical velocity increased at an almost constant rate during each take-off. The maximum height of the center of gravity was similar during the flights in the hop and the jump and in the step it was .apprx. 10% lower than in the hop and the jump. The mechanical energy decreased after each take-off. Four percent of the mechanical energy acquired during the run-up was lost during take-off for the hop. The maintenance ratio was much lower (.apprx. 85%) for the step and the jump.

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