Some Three-Dimensional Aspects of Ceratocystis ulmi as Observed by High-Voltage Electron Microscopy

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Abstract
Resting and germinated conidia and synnemal hyphae of Ceratocystis ulmi were fixed by conventional methods for EM. Whole cells were dried by the critical-point method and by freeze-drying. Conidia and hyphae were also embedded and cut in 1-.mu.m sections. All specimens were examined under a high-voltage EM. Stereo pair photographs show 3-dimensional features of the fungal cells. Of the preparative procedures tested, permanganate fixation followed by embedding and thick sectioning was found to be the best for studying C. ulmi by high-voltage EM. Some methods of viewing stereo pairs were also described. High-voltage EM was recommended as a useful tool to augment other methods of examining 3-dimensional details of fungal cells.

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