The ground state and zero-field splitting of the GdO molecule

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Abstract
The X‐band ESR spectrum of GdO was obtained in an argon matrix at 4 °K as a series of 16 fine‐structure lines between 0 and 12 000 G. Analysis proved that most of these lines were due to off‐principal‐axis transitions and established the ground state as 9Σ. An accurate fit to the data required the inclusion of a small b40 term (quartic in Sz) besides the usual b20 = D term in the spin Hamiltonian. The derived parameters in an argon matrix are g∥ = 1.990(9), g⊥ = 1.986(5), ‖ b20 ‖ = ‖ D ‖ = 0.2078(3) cm−1, and ‖ b40 ‖ = 0.000 40(5) cm−1. The two strongest lines were also observed in a neon matrix.

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