Gordon et al1 were the first to note the association of retrolental fibroplasia (RLF) with the administration of high concentrations of oxygen to premature infants. Since that time, clinical research has demonostrated that RLF can develop in a variety of circumstances. Typically, this retinopathy arises after the cessation of supplemental oxygen therapy to neonates. Currently, the most widely accepted paradigm proposes that the neovascularization of RLF is the immature vascular system's response to a retina that has become hypoxic after the withdrawal of supplemental oxygen.