Adenovirus Vaccine Evaluation Study in Naval Recruits.

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Abstract
Conclusions 1) An adenovirus vaccine evaluation study was carried out at San Diego Naval Training Center. Recruit population was studied. Kidney cell tissue culture vaccine containing adenovirus types 3, 4 and 7 was used, inactivated with formalin. Half of the men in 39 companies were given vaccine while the other half were given placebo. Observations were made from March 11 to July 3, 1957. Adenovirus isolations and complement fixing antibody response in acute and convalescent serums were employed as indices of infection. Types 4 and 7 adenovirus infections were prevalent in the control population. 2) During 3 through 9 week post-vaccination period, weekly admission rate/1,000 was 22.3 from the vaccine group, and 26.2 from the control group, a 15% difference. However, on the basis of adenovirus isolation the weekly admission rate was 3.4 from the vaccinated compared to 10 from the control, a difference of 66%. When 4-fold or greater complement fixing antibody rises to adenovirus antigen were employed as evidence of infection, the weekly admission rate was 3.4 from the vaccinated group and 12 from the control group, a difference of 72% in favor of the vaccine. On the basis of above findings, adenovirus vaccine significantly reduced number of adenovirus infections in the vaccinated group compared to the control group. 3) In non-study companies from Mar. 5 to May 5 adenovirus infections accounted for 80% of Dispensary admissions. Forty % of admissions from the control group of the study companies were due to either types 3, 4 or 7 adenovirus while only 15% from the vaccine group were due to these agents.